Family-Concentrated Ownership and Its Influence on the Economic Added Value (EAV): A Practical Study on a Sample of Shareholding Industrial Companies listed in Amman Stock Exchange

This study aimed at analyzing the role of the Family- Concentrated Ownership in joint stock companies and its influence on the Economic Added Value EVA. By analyzing Pearson's correlations, it is found that there is a positive correlation between family-centered ownership in the joint stock companies on EAV. Such correlation emphasizes the strong role of family-centered ownership in enhancing EAV, being a very significant indicator to performance. Results of the multiple regressions have revealed that the family-centered ownership provides a good explanation for the difference that resulted from the Market Added Value where the coefficient determination reached 46%. Consequently, these results have revealed the theoretical relationship between the family-centered ownership and the company's' value.The study has recommended that researchers need to pay much more attention to this issue. It has also recommended that the Jordanian industrial joint stock companies should switch into employing EAV as one of the main criteria in evaluating the comprehensive performance of the company. It also recommended that new research should be conducted on the other patterns of ownerships such as: governmental ownership, foreign ownership, the managerial ownership. Also, these studies should explore the impact of these ownerships on EAV. Key words: Family-Concentrated Ownership, Economic Added Value, Joint Stock Companies.

Changing pattern and etiology of maxillofacial fractures during the civil uprising in Western Libya

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate changing pattern in characteristics of maxillofacial fractures and concomitant injuries in Western Libya During revolution and to assess the association between mechanism of injury and fracture patterns. A retrospective review of medical records and radiographs of 187 patients treated for maxillofacial fractures from January 2010 to December 2012 was performed, there were 326 fractures in 187 patients. The male: female ratio was 6:1. Most fractures occurred in patients aged 11 to 40 years, and few injuries occurred in patients aged > 50 years. Most fractures occurred from motor vehicle accidents, and other most frequent causes included assault, gunshot, and fall injuries. Most maxillofacial fractures involved the mandible, zygomatic complex, or maxilla. Most mandibular fractures occurred at the parasymphysis, angle, or condyle. Associated injuries most frequently involved the head, chest, and extremities. Most patients were treated with open reduction (132 patients [71%]), and 26 patients (14%) were treated nonoperatively. There were 21 complications (11%). In summary, motor vehicle accidents were the most frequent cause of maxillofacial fracture in western Libya, possibly because of the lack of seat belt legislation. Interpersonal violence was a less frequent cause of maxillofacial fracture, possibly because of the religious restriction on alcohol consumption

Series Solution of the Multispecies Lotka-Volterra Equations by Means of the Homotopy Analysis Method

The time evolution of the multispecies Lotka-Volterra system is investigated by the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The continuous solution for the nonlinear system is given, which provides a convenient and straightforward approach to calculate the dynamics of the system. The HAM continuous solution generated by polynomial base functions is of comparable accuracy to the purely numerical fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The convergence theorem for the three-dimensional case is also given

Effects of acute caffeine on muscle damage biomarkers and time to exhaustion after a single session of resistance exercises followed by exhaustive incremental test in long-distance runners

The present study was designed to investigate the acute effect of caffeine on muscle damage biomarkers (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase MB, and myoglobin) measured before, immediately after, and 24 h after a single session of resistance exercises followed by exhaustive incremental test. In addition, the effect of caffeine intake on time to exhaustion during exhaustive incremental test was determined. Fifteen male long-distance runners (30.67 ± 3.40 yrs.) performed two consecutive trials (7 days apart). Athletes were assigned randomly either to ingest caffeine (6 mg/kg) 1 h prior to exercise or placebo using a double-blind crossover design. Each trial consisted of 5 resistance exercises followed by exhaustive incremental test. Blood samples were collected before, immediately, and 24 h after each trial. The independent t test of data showed no significant differences in biomarkers of muscle damage at all time points between trials (p > .05). Using paired sample t test, data revealed that caffeine increased the time to exhaustion (45.78 ± 2.42 min) during exhaustive incremental test compared to the placebo (43.83 ± 2.21 min) (p = .001). In conclusion, 6 mg/kg of caffeine 1 hour prior to resistance exercises followed by exhaustive incremental test had no effect on muscle damage biomarkers in long-distance runners probably due to mechanical stress precisely affected fast twitch fibres rather than slow twitch fibres. However, the increased time to exhaustion due to caffeine consume may attributed to dampened pain sensation

Smart e-trader: A prototype information management system for UAE stock markets

This paper presents a new online smart trading approach for investors in UAE stock markets. Smart trader is a web-based information management system that provides investors with real time stock market information and personalized stock recommendations. A study was conducted to assess the needs for such system in UAE markets and found a strong demand for it among investors. A new system architecture is also proposed, called smart e- trader, to accommodate investors\u27 new needs and preferences. A prototype system of smart trader has been implemented to evaluate the usefulness and effectiveness of the new approach. The findings of this research suggests that deploying a smart online stock trading applications in UAE markets would help investors make an informative investment decisions as well as assist them manage their stock trading transactions

Vegetation Diversity in Natural and Restored Forested Wetland Sites in Southeast Arkansas

The loss of forested wetlands in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley in Arkansas has altered regional vegetation communities. Multiple restoration projects have been established in this region to restore wetlands and the services they provide. In order to return these functions to the environment, microtopographic features were constructed in 2001 at Bob White Memorial Wetlands Research and Teaching Station (Bob White). Vegetation diversity was examined at Cut-Off Creek Wildlife Management Area (Cutoff), a naturally forested wetland, and Bob White, an area formally converted to cropland that is now undergoing forest wetland restoration. Vegetation diversity is one way to determine if restoration efforts are effectively restoring ecosystem structure and functions to natural wetland conditions. Vegetation diversity and composition were examined across three topographical features: hummocks/ridges, swales, and flats. Vegetation diversity was examined in the spring, summer, and fall. Indices were used for determining composition similarities between Bob White and Cutoff. Bob White had a species richness of 33 and Cutoff’s species richness was 47. Beta diversity between the two sites was 76 species, this value is high and suggests there is low similarity between the two sites. Sorensen-Dice Similarity Index value was calculated as 0.05, where on a scale of zero to one a low value indicates low similarity in composition. The low similarity between the two sites suggests that vegetation composition at Bob White has not been fully restored to conditions comparable to a natural setting. An explanation for this is the presence of Baccharis halimifolia (Eastern baccharis). B. halimifolia inhibits other species from colonizing. Another factor for the difference between the vegetation at Bob White and Cutoff is that Cutoff is an older forest. Hydrophyte communities in a forested wetland take 50 years after restoration begins for them to resemble a natural forested wetland. The results from this study provide mixed evidence that restoration at Bob White is succeeding; there is a high percentage of wetlands species, while vegetation lacks similarity. This study improves our understanding of the influence that anthropogenic changes have on wetland functions as agricultural lands are restored to their previous land cover. Ecosystem functions should continue to be monitored to determine time frames as these functions are restored to Bob Whit

Boundary layer flow of nanofluid over an exponentially stretching surface

The steady boundary layer flow of nanofluid over an exponential stretching surface is investigated analytically. The transport equations include the effects of Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter. The highly nonlinear coupled partial differential equations are simplified with the help of suitable similarity transformations. The reduced equations are then solved analytically with the help of homotopy analysis method (HAM). The convergence of HAM solutions are obtained by plotting h-curve. The expressions for velocity, temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction are computed for some values of the parameters namely, suction injection parameter α, Lewis number Le, the Brownian motion parameter Nb and thermophoresis parameter Nt

Transverse Spin at PHENIX: Results and Prospects

The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), as the world's first and only polarized proton collider, offers a unique environment in which to study the spin structure of the proton. In order to study the proton's transverse spin structure, the PHENIX experiment at RHIC took data with transversely polarized beams in 2001-02 and 2005, and it has plans for further running with transverse polarization in 2006 and beyond. Results from early running as well as prospective measurements for the future will be discussed.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, presented at Transversity 2005, Como, Ital

An approximation algorithm for the solution of the nonlinear Lane-Emden type equations arising in astrophysics using Hermite functions collocation method

In this paper we propose a collocation method for solving some well-known classes of Lane-Emden type equations which are nonlinear ordinary differential equations on the semi-infinite domain. They are categorized as singular initial value problems. The proposed approach is based on a Hermite function collocation (HFC) method. To illustrate the reliability of the method, some special cases of the equations are solved as test examples. The new method reduces the solution of a problem to the solution of a system of algebraic equations. Hermite functions have prefect properties that make them useful to achieve this goal. We compare the present work with some well-known results and show that the new method is efficient and applicable.Comment: 34 pages, 13 figures, Published in "Computer Physics Communications

Effect of pulsed magnetic field pre-treatment of AISI 52100 steel on the coefficient of sliding friction and wear in pin-on-disk tests

Disc specimens manufactured from commercial bearing rollers (AISI 52100 steel, 62–63 HRC) in initial state and after pre-treatment by pulsed magnetic field (PMF) with a magnetic field strength of 1–7 MA/m were tested with sunflower oil using pin-on-disk apparatus. According to the obtained results the treatment causes a reduction in the coefficient of friction and wear. To explain the results, nano- and microhardness tests as well as optical and atomic force microscopy were used. Reasons of the effect of PMF on the friction and wear were discussed.Peer reviewe